On infants with congenital heart problems

On infants with congenital heart disease, congenital heart problems can be cured. Fetal congenital heart disease is due to cardiovascular abnormalities of the heart caused the vascular malformation, the period is the most common heart disease in children. Past 20 years due to advanced technology development of modern inspection (such as cardiac catheterization, cardiovascular angiography, color Doppler echocardiography and radionuclide angiocardiography, etc.) and hypothermic anesthesia, cardiopulmonary bypass, and the progress of cardiac surgery Many common congenital heart disease to get an accurate diagnosis and cure, part of the complex cardiac malformations can also be into surgical treatment. ���� �� because of genetic disease is the major internal factors. �� any effect on the heart in the fetal embryonic development of the factors that are likely to cause heart malformations, such as the pregnant mother suffering from rubella, influenza, mumps, Coxsackie virus infection, diabetes, hypercalcemia, maternal exposure to radiation; pregnancy A mother taking anti-cancer drugs or other drugs sugar Ning. Classification of congenital heart disease: According to the heart or major blood vessels between the left and right (aorta and large veins) with or without abnormal passage between the existence or performance according to whether the bruising will be divided into congenital heart disease, left-right shunt �� (latent cyanotic): If the atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus. �� right to left shunt (cyanotic): If the tetralogy of Fallot, great vessels and so on. �� The shunt (no bruising type): If pulmonary stenosis, coarctation of the aorta and so on. �� growth and development of symptoms in children may be more children behind their peers, and susceptibility to respiratory infections. �� With or without bruising nature of the cardiac malformations, such as atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus, is usually no bruising early, but after intense activity or cry laughing bruising may occur, with age, when development to the late bruising may occur. Right to left shunt congenital heart disease, severe cardiac malformations, such as tetralogy of Fallot in children after birth or several weeks to several months to appear purple, and gradually increased. �� cardiac auscultation, can be heard at the left sternal border systolic murmur, ventricular septal defect atrial septal defect than the location of noise is low, more sound, more rough, Bureau of the four broad conduction; atrial septal defect murmur left 2 to 3 ribs , the softer, more limited; murmur of patent ductus arteriosus higher position, at the 2nd intercostal space, loud, rough, conducted a wide turn as the machine was like a continuous murmur, systolic and diastolic can be heard; tetralogy of Fallot in the position of high and low to loud noise levels vary according to deformity, severe cases of noise but light. �� tetralogy of Fallot in children often move in, then squat down and rest to relieve shortness of breath, and sometimes fainting may occur (transient cerebral hypoxia change), and even life-threatening ventilation; addition, tetralogy of Fallot patients children's fingers and toes swollen like a drum-like terminal, said Park fingers (toes). Photos can be used for the heart, ECG and cardiac echocardiography look sound. Echocardiography, the largest of its diagnostic value, can show the atrial septum, ventricular septal defect size, location, points of blood flow, and other vascular malformations; general should be made before surgery, cardiac catheterization and angiography to further clarify the cardiovascular preoperative diagnosis and well prepared. Complications ���� atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus often susceptible to pneumonia, heart failure-prone, tetralogy of Fallot often be complicated by cerebral thrombosis, brain abscess, the addition of atrial septal defect of congenital heart disease outside are complicated by bacterial endocarditis. ���� �� surgical treatment: congenital heart disease in radical surgical treatment is generally 4 to 5 years old in for surgery, such as the symptoms are severe or persistent bacterial endocarditis who can not control the operation in advance. �� medical treatment: congenital heart disease medical treatment before surgery is mainly to avoid vigorous activity, prevention or treatment of infections, if any, of heart failure should be actively treated. The performance of children with congenital heart disease in children with congenital heart disease is the most common cardiovascular disease, usually before the age of 3 can be confirmed. Congenital heart disease was mainly due to early fetal development, the embryo is generally the first 3 months, for some reason stopped fetal cardiovascular development or developmental abnormality. Comparison of the reason for the pregnant women accepted rubella, influenza and other viral infections; pregnant women taking hormones or other damage to the fetus of drugs; pregnant women under the abdomen or pelvic X ray, ultrasound, radionuclide, etc. irradiation; or severe maternal nutritional deficiencies, lack of oxygen . Some children with congenital heart disease in addition, also associated with systemic multiple malformations, which are often prompted to germ cells in children with genetic defects due to congenital heart disease occurred. Light congenital heart disease can be no special symptoms, normal growth and development, only found in the left chest physical examination rough loud noise. Heavy children with congenital heart disease, early in the neonatal period or infancy appears obvious symptoms. Symptoms of congenital heart disease, mainly two aspects: (1) in children with cyanotic nose, lips, nails, conjunctiva, etc. see blue purple skin and mucous membranes. Cyanosis appeared at the same time, children with growth retardation, mental retardation, when eating or crying may occur after breathing difficulties, severe cases there is loss of consciousness, seizures. Children to walk, often due to cerebral hypoxia feeling squat down automatically. (2) heart failure symptoms of shortness of breath, short, children can not be supine, cough, tachycardia, small blisters filled lungs, liver enlargement, pale, lower extremity edema and so on. Once the above symptoms should be immediately sent to hospital treatment of children with congenital heart disease Wuxi Xinhua News Channel on September 2: Congenital heart disease is the harm the health of children, especially infants and young children and the cruelty of life, \According to statistics, approximately every 1,000 newborns with congenital heart disease 6. The population birth rate and the incidence of congenital heart disease, it is estimated there are 15 million of annual sick child was born. In the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease, left ventricular septal defect a \of cardiac abnormalities. Congenital heart disease because the lack of effective preventive measures, combined with congenital heart disease without treatment, half the age of one death, to the age of two 2 / 3 dead. Therefore, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are key to reducing the disease natural mortality. Since many congenital heart disease without specific clinical symptoms early, so early detection is sometimes difficult. But as more of several common congenital heart defects, such as long-term not corrected can cause pulmonary hypertension, and ultimately can lead to heart failure. Surgery is the traditional method of treatment of congenital heart disease, already has a very rich experience and treatment, and is still evolving. However, surgical trauma of congenital heart disease, sometimes serious complications can occur after surgery or treatment outcome is not satisfactory, it has been a troubled doctors and parents problem. Currently, the treatment of children with congenital heart disease are mainly two ways: opening the chest and interventional therapy. Thoracotomy is the traditional method, is still too complex congenital heart disease along this method, but too much surgical trauma, with the development of medicine without surgical intervention treatment is more widely used in the treatment of children with congenital heart disease. In 1967 the first foreign experts such as P orstman successfully by interventional catheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus, followed by this method have been used in congenital atrial septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, the radical treatment, especially in recent years with the medical and related development of the subject, congenital ventricular septal defect can also be involved in radical catheter. Interventional treatment of these diseases are similar, the main conduit through a small incision in the thigh by a 12 mm in size of the incision, moving from the right side of the groin or vein occlusion device into the heart or blood vessels within the accuracy defects or abnormal channel site, its blocked, surgery will come to an end. Coupled with disinfection, imaging and other procedures, the entire surgical process for about 1 hour or so. 2 days after surgery the patient can walk the following was observed one day be able to leave the hospital. Compared with the traditional thoracotomy, intervention ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus and pulmonary valve stenosis has the following advantages, it is very suitable for children: one. Does not require thoracotomy, trauma, child , it does not leave marks to the chest without affecting the appearance; do not need general anesthesia and cardiopulmonary bypass, children's physique is different from adults, to avoid the result of anesthesia, the risk caused by cardiopulmonary bypass; intraoperative blood loss, no blood transfusion; few complications and high security. II. Shorter hospitalization, faster recovery after surgery and without taking any drugs. III. The treatment effect is good. Occluder 1 month after implantation in the heart of the body's own endothelial cells on the surface had been covered, 3 months after the endothelial cells to complete the closure device embedded, will not fall off occluder. This method of therapy for congenital heart disease through clinical practice, continuous improvement, is now basically mature. After several years of follow-up observation, all through the interventional treatment of congenital heart disease patients return to normal, its growth is not affected, and capable of performing all the work, study and life. Provincial People's Hospital Associate Professor of Cardiology, Xiang-Qing (Yangtze Evening News) congenital heart disease (CHD) is the fetal cardiovascular abnormalities during the formation of congenital malformations, the most common heart disease in children. The incidence of congenital heart disease is about the life of births in the 7 ~ 8 �� with about 34% of untreated may die within 1 month, 50% died within 1 year of age, who died early after birth, deformity or more complex serious condition. Various types of congenital heart disease with ventricular septal defect, followed by a patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot and atrial septal defect. In recent years, children with congenital heart disease diagnosis and treatment have made great progress, many complex heart defects in infants, even newborns can receive timely diagnosis of and surgical treatment, the prognosis of congenital heart disease has been greatly improved. There are common symptoms of congenital heart disease, congenital heart disease can be mild, but no obvious symptoms. Purple: purple is a cyanotic congenital heart disease (such as the great vessels, tetralogy's quadruple psychosis) and outstanding performance. May persist after birth, but also three to four months after birth became clear in the lips, finger (toe) nail bed, the most obvious tip of the nose. The latent cyanotic heart disease (such as ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus) does not usually purple, but in activity, crying, breath or pneumonia appear only bruising, the late occurrence of pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure sustained bruising may occur. Heart murmur: Most congenital heart murmur could be heard, this relatively loud noise, rough, severe tremor can be accompanied by chest area. Heart murmur was more in the treatment when doctors found. Children Yousheng rational part of the normal noise. Physical difference: the heart function is poor, due to insufficient blood supply and oxygen, in children with severe feeding difficulties in infancy that is, the number of ports to stop sucking, shortness of breath, easy vomiting and profuse sweating, hi, held upright, older children do not want activities, hi squat, after the event, fatigue, paroxysmal dyspnea, severe hypoxia often breastfeeding, crying, or stool suddenly fainting, prone to heart failure. Susceptible to respiratory infections: the majority of congenital heart disease, increased pulmonary blood Youyu, usually easy to repeated suffering from respiratory infections, recurrent respiratory tract infections has further led to heart failure, both Chang Chang reinforce each other, a congenital heart disease cause of death. Poorly developed: congenital heart disease more than a developmental delay, particularly evident in those who have bruising, severe mental development may also be affected. Other symptoms: Congenital heart disease if left atrial enlargement or pulmonary artery compression of recurrent laryngeal nerve, then an early age hoarse cry, easy to shortness of breath, cough; combined with other malformations, such as congenital cataracts, cleft lip and palate and Down's syndrome, etc.; ventricular increase can be caused by precordial bulge, chest deformity; who sustained bruising may be associated with clubbing, cyanosis appeared more in 1 to 2 years after formation. If parents find that their child has these symptoms, should be early to the hospital to diagnose whether or congenital heart disease, commonly used method with X-ray examination, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization should be made when and cardiovascular angiography. Once diagnosed with congenital heart disease, cardiac surgery as soon as possible to treatment, timing of surgery by the doctors to decide, now rapid development of cardiac surgery, surgical advances, the vast majority of congenital heart disease has become fully cured of the disease. Pull your own go up.